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Solar system, Planets, Comets, Meteors, Asteroids, Galaxies, Stars and their constellations |
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Astronomy (from the Greek words astro(αστέρι)
= star and nomos(νόμος) = law) is the scientific study of celestial objects
(such as stars, planets, comets, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate
outside the Earth's atmosphere (such as the cosmic background radiation). It is
concerned with the evolution, physics, chemistry, meteorology, and motion of
celestial objects, as well as the formation and development of the universe.
Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences. Astronomers of early civilizations
performed methodical observations of the night sky, and astronomical artifacts
have been found from much earlier periods. However, the invention of the
telescope was required before astronomy was able to develop into a modern
science. Historically, astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as
astrometry, celestial navigation, observational astronomy, the making of
calendars, and even astrology, but professional astronomy is nowadays often
considered to be synonymous with astrophysics. Since the 20th century, the field
of professional astronomy split into observational and theoretical branches.
Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring and analyzing data, mainly using
basic principles of physics. Theoretical astronomy is oriented towards the
development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects
and phenomena. The two fields complement each other, with theoretical astronomy
seeking to explain the observational results, and observations being used to
confirm theoretical results.
Amateur astronomers have contributed to many important astronomical discoveries,
and astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active
role, especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena.
Old or even ancient astronomy is not to be confused with astrology, the belief
system which claims that human affairs are correlated with the positions of
celestial objects. Although the two fields share a common origin and a part of
their methods (namely, the use of ephemerides), they are distinct.
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ArXiv
The arXiv (pronounced "archive", as if the
"X" were the Greek letter Chi or Χ) is an archive for electronic preprints of
scientific papers in the fields of mathematics, physics, computer science,
quantitative biology and statistics which can be accessed via the Internet. In
many fields of mathematics and physics, almost all scientific papers are placed
on the arXiv. As of March 2008, arXiv.org contains over 469,000 e-prints, with
roughly four thousand new e-prints added every month.
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Astronomy Magazine
Astronomy (ISSN 0091-6358) is a monthly
American magazine about astronomy. Targeting amateur astronomers for its
readers, it contains columns on sky viewing, reader-submitted astrophotographs,
and articles on astronomy and astrophysics that are readable by nonscientists.
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Bad Astronomy
Bad Astronomy: Misconceptions and Misuses
Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing "Hoax" is a non-fiction book by the
American astronomer Phil Plait, also known as the Bad Astronomer. The book was
released in 2002 and deals with various misunderstandings about space and
astronomy, such as sounds being audible in space (a misconception because in
space, sound has no medium in which to propagate). Many ideas relating to space
that are mistaken but nevertheless often portrayed in popular movies are
corrected and explained. He also dedicates much of the book to debunking the
idea of a Moon Landing Hoax and explains why astrology should not be taken
seriously. A part of the book describes the moon's tidal effects and explains
the Coriolis effect, why the sky is blue, the Big Bang, etc.
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Carl Zeiss International
Manufactures astronomical telescopes,
observatories, domes, optics, focal plane instrumentation and LIDAR equipment.
Company also manufactures products for healthcare, vision, measurment and
analysis, research, sports, microelectronics, photography and projection
applications.
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Earth & Sky
Earth & Sky concise daily podcasts
featuring the words and insights of scientists from around the world.
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Edmund Scientific Corporation
Edmund Scientific Corporation was a
company based in Barrington, New Jersey that specialized in supplying surplus
optics and other items via its mail order catalog and Factory Store. During four
decades from the 1940s to the 1970s Edmund Scientific was virtually unique in
its offerings to scientific hobbyists.
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European Southern Observatory
The European Southern Observatory (ESO,
whose official name is the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in
the Southern Hemisphere), is an intergovernmental research organisation for
astronomy, composed and supported by fourteen countries from Europe. Created in
1962, to provide state-of-the-art facilities and access to the Southern Sky to
European astronomers, it is famous for building and operating some of the
largest and most technologically advanced telescopes in the world, such as the
New Technology Telescope (NTT), the telescope that pioneered active optics
technology, and the VLT (Very Large Telescope), consisting of four 8-meter class
telescopes and four 1.8-m Auxiliary Telescopes.
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Google Moon
Google Moon is a service similar to Google
Maps that shows satellite images of the Moon. It was launched by Google on July
20, 2005, the 36th anniversary of the Apollo 11 lunar landing. The landing site
of each of the Apollo missions is shown on the satellite image, providing more
information on each mission as the user zooms in.
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Greenwich Mean Time
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a term
originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich,
London. It is now often used to refer to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) when
this is viewed as a time zone, although strictly UTC is an atomic time scale
which only approximates GMT in the old sense. It is also used to refer to
Universal Time (UT), which is the astronomical concept that directly replaced
the original GMT. In the UK, GMT is the official time only during winter; during
summer it's British Summer Time.
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Heavens-Above
Heavens-Above is a non-profit web site
dedicated to observing and tracking satellites orbiting the Earth. They provide
detailed star charts showing the trajectory of the satellites against the
background of the stars as seen when looking up.
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HubbleSite
News center, gallery, discoveries, sci-tech,
fun and games, and reference desk. HubbleSite is produced by the Space Telescope
Science Institute's Office of Public Outreach.
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Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST; also
known colloquially as "the Hubble" or just "Hubble") is a space telescope that
was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in April 1990. It is named for the
American astronomer, Edwin Hubble. Although not the first space telescope, the
Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well known as both a
vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy. The HST is a
collaboration between NASA and the European Space Agency, and is one of NASA's
Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra
X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.
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MarsBase dot net
Provides scientific data of various kinds
such as the time on Mars, Sun and Earth rise/set, mission countdowns and news.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA, pronounced /ˈnæsə/) is an agency of the United States
government, responsible for the nation's public space program. NASA was
established on July 29, 1958, by the National Aeronautics and Space Act. In
addition to the space program, it is also responsible for long-term civilian and
military aerospace research. Since February 2006 NASA's self-described mission
statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery,
and aeronautics research." NASA's motto is: "For the benefit of all". The motto
of NASA's Office of Education is: Shaping the Future: Launching New Endeavors to
Inspire the Next Generation of Explorers.
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National Radio Astronomy Observatory
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory
(NRAO) is a Federally Funded Research and Development Center of the United
States National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by
Associated Universities, Inc for the purpose of radio astronomy. NRAO designs,
builds, and operates its own high sensitivity radio telescopes for use by
scientists around the world.
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National Space Science Data Center
The National Space Science Data Center
(NSSDC) is a department in NASA's Solar System Exploration Division. It was
created to archive NASA space science mission data. The NSSDC is located at
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The NSSDC provides
free access to NASA data for the public and researchers. The data provided is
both raw scientific data as well as images.
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OpticsPlanet
OpticsPlanet, Inc is one of the leading
optics suppliers with a wide selection of sport optics, tactical and military
gear, microscopes, and designer eyewear. We offer serious product knowledge,
exceptional customer service, and outstanding product selection. We at
OpticsPlanet.com stock thousands of items and constantly expand our product
lines and add new state-of-the-art products - binoculars, telescopes, spotting
scopes, monoculars, microscopes, digital binoculars, film cameras, military and
law enforcement gear, rifle scopes, heat seekers, laser sights, holographic
weapon sights, radar guns, digital cameras, sunglasses, GPS, goggles, tripods,
laser rangefinders, accessories, prescription sunglasses, night vision goggles,
air chairs, flashlights, and much more!
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Planetary Society
The Planetary Society is a large, publicly
supported, non-government and not-for-profit organization that has many research
projects related to astronomy. It was founded in 1980 by Carl Sagan, Bruce
Murray, and Louis Friedman, and has members from 125 countries around the world.
The society's mission is "To inspire and involve the world's public in space
exploration through advocacy, projects, and education." The Society is dedicated
to the exploration of Mars and the rest of the Solar System, the search for Near
Earth Objects, and the search for extraterrestrial life.
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SKY-MAP.ORG
SKY-MAP.ORG: (or WIKISKY.ORG) is an
interactive information-management system which encompasses the entire outer
space. The basic element of the system is a detailed map of the whole star sky
that mirrors more than half a billion celestial objects. No additional
instructions are necessary to browse the map or change its scale. The process is
very easy. By using the smallest scale, the user can view the whole star sky at
once. Using the largest scale, the user can view tiny areas with the most
distant and weakest sky objects.
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Space.com
Space.com is a space and astronomy news
website. Its stories are often syndicated to other media outlets, including CNN,
MSNBC, Yahoo!, and USA Today. Space.com was founded by CNN anchor Lou Dobbs and
Rich Zahradnik, in July 1999. At that time, Dobbs owned a sizeable share of the
company, and, in an unexpected move, left CNN later that year to become
Space.com's chief executive officer. Dobbs stated that he had always been
"interest[ed] in space and space exploration", in part motivated by a belief in
extraterrestrial intelligence and a desire to seek them out. The move came as a
surprise to many and was the source of intense media speculation.
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Space Telescope Science Institute
The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
is the science operations center for the Hubble Space Telescope (HST; in orbit
since 1990) and for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST; scheduled to be
launched in 2013). STScI is located on the Johns Hopkins University Homewood
campus in Baltimore, Maryland and was established in 1981 as a community-based
science center that is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy (AURA). Today, in addition to performing continuing
science operations of HST and preparing for scientific exploration with JWST,
STScI manages and operates the Multi-mission Archive at Space Telescope (MAST),
the Data Management Center for the Kepler mission and a number of other
activities benefiting from its expertise in and infrastructure for supporting
the operations of space-based astronomical observatories. Most of the funding
for STScI activities comes from contracts with NASA's Goddard Space Flight
Center but there are smaller activities funded by NASA's Ames Research Center,
NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and the European Space Agency (ESA). The staff
at STScI consists of scientists (mostly astronomers and astrophysicists),
software engineers, data management and telescope operations personnel,
education and public outreach experts, and administrative and business support
personnel. There are approximately 100 Ph.D. scientists working at STScI, 15 of
which are ESA staff who are on assignment to the HST project. The total STScI
staff consists of about 350 people.
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SpaceWeather.com
Science news and information about the
Sun-Earth environment.
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Students for the Exploration and Development of Space
Students for the Exploration and
Development of Space (SEDS) is an international student organization whose
purpose is to promote space exploration and development through educational and
engineering projects.
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The Nine Planets
The Nine Planets, a multimedia tour of the
Solar System by Bill Arnett, was one of the first examples of multimedia
websites. It first appeared on the World Wide Web in 1994 and, as was common for
high traffic websites at the time, was widely mirrored. It contains encyclopedic
information about the Solar System with a page for each of the major bodies
illustrated with photographs, mostly from NASA. The nine planets are Mercury,
Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.
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The Universe in Color
Deep sky, solar system, and terrestrial
images, including equipment information, and helpful articles.
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TimeAndDate.com
This site includes lots of information
that is time and date related, such as yearly and monthly calendars, countdown
counters and the world clock which shows current time in cities all over the
world.
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United States Naval Observatory
The United States Naval Observatory (USNO)
is one of the oldest scientific agencies in the United States. Located in
Northwest Washington, D.C., it is one of the few observatories located in an
urban area; at the time of its construction, it was far from the light pollution
generated by the (then-smaller) city center.
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Windows to the Universe
Windows to the Universe is a user-friendly
learning system covering the Earth and Space sciences for use by the general
public. Windows to the Universe has been in development since 1995. Our goal is
to build an internet site that includes a rich array of documents, including
images, movies, animations, and data sets, that explore the Earth and Space
sciences and the historical and cultural ties between science, exploration, and
the human experience.
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This is World News
Newspapers, Magazines, Radio, Television,
Weblogs & World Wide Web Pages.
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