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Football is the name given to a number of
different team sports, all of which involve (to varying degrees) kicking a ball
with the foot in an attempt to score a goal. The most popular of these sports
world-wide is association football, also known as soccer and most commonly just
football. The English language word "football" is also applied to gridiron
football (which includes American football and Canadian football), Australian
rules football, Gaelic football, rugby football (rugby league and rugby union),
and related games. Each of these codes (specific sets of rules, or the games
defined by them) is referred to as "football".
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two teams of between 11 and 18 players
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kicking a spherical or prolate spheroid ball (which is itself
called a football) with the foot;
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a clearly defined area in which to keep the ball;
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scoring goals and/or points, by moving the ball to an
opposing team's end of the field and either into a goal area, or over a line;
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the goal and/or line being defended by the opposing team;
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players being required to move the ball—depending on the
code—by kicking, carrying and/or hand passing the ball; and
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goals and/or points resulting from players putting the ball
between two goalposts.
In most codes, there are rules restricting the movement of players offside, and
players scoring a goal must put the ball either under or over a crossbar between
the goalposts. Other features common to several football codes include: points
being mostly scored by players carrying the ball across the goal line and;
players receiving a free kick after they take a mark/make a fair catch.
Peoples from around the world have played games which involved kicking and/or
carrying a ball, since ancient times. However, most of the modern codes of
football have their origins in Europe.
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American football portal
American football, known in the United
States and Canada simply as football and often internationally as a type of
gridiron football, as against association football, is a competitive sport, most
often contested at any given point between two teams comprising 11 players each.
A team attempts to advance a ball, roughly a prolate spheroid, by carrying
(rushing), throwing (passing), or, under specific circumstances, kicking the
ball, on a field composed of grass or artificial turf, intending eventually to
advance the ball into an opponent's end zone–located 100 yards (91.44 metres)
from a team's own end zone–prior to the exhaustion of a team's series of three
or four downs, for a touchdown (worth six points) or a field goal (worth three
points); the team to have scored more points upon expiration the time alloted
for the game, 60 minutes–divided into four equal quarters–during a professional
event, is the victor.
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Australian Football League
The Australian Football League (AFL) is
both the professional Australian national competition in the sport of Australian
Rules Football and its highest governing body.
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Buffalo Bills
The Buffalo Bills is a professional
American football team based in the Buffalo, New York, metropolitan area,
playing seven of their home games in the suburb of Orchard Park, and, beginning
in 2008, an eighth home game in Toronto. They are members of the Eastern
Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football
League (NFL). The Bills began competitive play in 1960 as a charter member of
the American Football League and joined the NFL as part of the AFL-NFL merger.
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Chicago Bears
The Chicago Bears are a professional
American football team based in Chicago, Illinois. They are members of the North
Division of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the National Football
League (NFL). The team is legally and corporately registered as Chicago Bears
Football Club, Incorporated.
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Dallas Cowboys
The Dallas Cowboys are a professional
American football team in the Eastern Division of the National Football
Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). They are based in the
Dallas suburb of Irving, Texas. The team currently plays their home games at
Texas Stadium in Irving, but they are scheduled to move to a new stadium in
nearby Arlington in 2009. The Cowboys joined the NFL as a 1960 expansion team.
The team's national following might best be represented by its NFL record of
consecutive games in front of sold out stadiums. The Cowboys' streak of 160
sold-out regular and post-season games began in 1990, and included 79 straight
sellouts at their home, Texas Stadium, and 81 straight sell-outs on the road.
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National Football League
The National Football League (NFL) is the
largest professional American football league in the world. It is an
unincorporated association controlled by its members. It was formed by eleven
teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (the league
changed the name to American Professional Football League in 1921 and then
settled on its current name in 1922). The league currently consists of
thirty-two teams from American cities and regions, divided evenly into two
conferences — the American Football Conference (AFC) and National Football
Conference (NFC) — of four four-team divisions.
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National Rugby League
The National Rugby League (NRL) is the top
league of professional rugby league football clubs in Australasia. The NRL
competition (sometimes referred to as the Telstra Premiership for sponsorship
purposes) is contested by 16 teams, 15 based in Australia and one based in New
Zealand, and is the Southern Hemisphere's elite rugby league championship. The
premiership also boasts the world's highest attendance figures for a rugby club
competition of either code. In terms of Australia-wide television ratings it has
the highest audiences for its Grand Final and sells the most merchandise of any
Australian sports league.
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New England Patriots
The New England Patriots, commonly called
the "Pats" by sports writers and fans, are a professional American football team
based in the Greater Boston area, playing their home games in the town of
Foxborough, Massachusetts. The team is part of the Eastern Division of the
American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The
owners changed the name from the original Boston Patriots after relocating the
team to Foxborough in 1971, although Foxborough is a suburb of Boston, 22 miles
(35 km) away. They are currently the defending American Football Conference
Champions, after winning the 2007 AFC Championship Game.
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New York Giants
The New York Giants are a professional
American football team based in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The team is
headquartered, trains, and plays its home games at Giants Stadium at the
Meadowlands Sports Complex in the suburb of East Rutherford, New Jersey. They
are currently members of the Eastern Division of the National Football
Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The Giants were one of
five teams that joined the NFL in 1925, but the only one admitted that year
which still exists. The Giants have won a total of seven NFL titles: four in the
pre–Super Bowl era (1927, 1934, 1938, and 1956), and three since the advent of
the Super Bowl (Super Bowls XXI, XXV, and XLII). During their history, the
Giants have featured 15 Hall of Fame players, including NFL Most Valuable Player
(MVP) award winners Mel Hein, Frank Gifford, Charlie Conerly, Y. A. Tittle, and
Lawrence Taylor. The Giants are the reigning National Football League champions
since winning Super Bowl XLII on February 3, 2008.
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Philadelphia Eagles
The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional
American football team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. With the Frankford
Yellow Jackets franchise remaining dormant for an extended time, Bert Bell
purchased the rights to a Philadelphia franchise in 1933. Named for a symbol of
FDR's new deal, the Philadelphia Eagles began play. The Eagles enjoy a
reputation of being a hard-hitting, tough football team, with an even tougher
home crowd. Many Eagles players have made the Hall of Fame inclduing Bob Brown,
Chuck Bednarik, John Madden, Alex Wojciechowicz, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren,
and Norm Van Brocklin. Currently members of the Eastern Division of the National
Football Conference (NFC), the team has won three NFL titles and made two Super
Bowl appearances (1980 and 2004).
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Pittsburgh Steelers
The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional
American football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They are currently
members of the North Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the
National Football League (NFL). Founded in 1933, the Steelers are the oldest and
most championed franchise in the AFC. The team has appeared in six Super Bowls
and is one of three teams to have won the Super Bowl five times. They have
appeared in 13 Conference Championship Games and have hosted more conference
championship games than any other NFL franchise. From 1974 to 1979 the franchise
became the first NFL franchise to win four Super Bowl titles in six seasons, a
feat which is yet to be matched. The 2005 team is the only sixth-seeded team in
NFL history to advance to a conference championship game; they went on to win
the game, followed by their latest Super Bowl victory on February 5, 2006.
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Tampa Bay Buccaneers
The Tampa Bay Buccaneers (often shortened
as the Bucs) are a professional American football team based in Tampa, Florida.
They are currently members of the Southern Division of the National Football
Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The team, along with the
Seattle Seahawks, joined the NFL as 1976 expansion teams in the AFC West. The
club is currently owned by Malcolm Glazer and coached by head coach Jon Gruden.
When the franchise entered the league in 1976, the Buccaneers lost their first
26 games. After a brief winning era in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the team
suffered through fourteen consecutive losing seasons. From 1996 until 2005 they
were consistent playoff contenders, and won Super Bowl XXXVII at the end of the
2002 season which has been their only Super Bowl appearance.
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Washington Redskins
The Washington Redskins are a professional
American football team based in the Washington, D.C. area. The team plays at
FedExField in Landover, Maryland, which is in Prince George's County, Maryland.
The team's headquarters and training facility are at Redskin Park in Ashburn,
Virginia, a community in Loudoun County, Virginia near Dulles International
Airport. They are members of the Eastern Division of the National Football
Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL).
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