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Law is a system of rules, usually enforced
through a set of institutions, applied to govern a group. It shapes politics,
economics and society in numerous ways. Contract law regulates everything from
buying a bus ticket to trading swaptions on a derivatives market. Property law
defines rights and obligations related to transfer and title of personal and
real property, for instance, in mortgaging or renting a home. Trust law applies
to assets held for investment and financial security, such as pension funds.
Tort law allows claims for compensation when someone or their property is
injured or harmed. If the harm is criminalised in a penal code, criminal law
offers means by which the state prosecutes and punishes the perpetrator.
Constitutional law provides a framework for creating laws, protecting people's
human rights, and electing political representatives. Administrative law relates
to the activities of administrative agencies of government. International law
regulates affairs between sovereign nation-states in everything from trade to
the environment to military action. Law manifests itself throughout the
community in many more ways, and serves as the foremost social mediator of
relations between people. "The rule of law", wrote the ancient Greek philosopher
Aristotle in 350 BC, "is better than the rule of any individual."
Legal systems around the world elaborate legal rights and responsibilities in
different ways. A basic distinction is made between civil law jurisdictions and
systems using common law. Some countries persist in basing their law on
religious texts. Scholars investigate the nature of law through many
perspectives, including legal history and philosophy, or social sciences such as
economics and sociology. The study of law raises important questions about
equality, fairness and justice, which are not always simple. "In its majestic
equality", said the author Anatole France in 1894, "the law forbids rich and
poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal loaves of
bread." The central institutions for interpreting and creating law are the three
main branches of government, namely an impartial judiciary, a democratic
legislature and an accountable executive. To implement and enforce the law and
provide services to the public, a government's bureaucracy, the military and
police are vital. While all these organs of the state are creatures created and
bound by law, an independent legal profession and a vibrant civil society inform
and support their progress. »» |
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American Bar
Association
The American Bar Association (ABA),
founded August 21, 1878, is a voluntary bar association of lawyers and law
students, which is not specific to any jurisdiction in the United States. The
ABA's most important stated activities are the setting of academic standards for
law schools, and the formulation of model ethical codes related to the legal
profession. The ABA has 410,000 members. Its headquarters are in Chicago,
Illinois.
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EDGAR
Online
EDGAR Online, Inc. (Nasdaq: EDGR) is a
leading provider of interactive business and financial data on global companies
to financial, corporate and advisory professionals. The company makes its
information and a variety of analytical tools available via online subscriptions
and licensing agreements.
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Federal Bureau of
Investigation
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
is the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice
(DOJ), serving as both a federal criminal investigative body and a domestic
intelligence agency. At present, the FBI has investigative jurisdiction over
violations of more than 200 categories of federal crimes, making the FBI the
de-facto lead law enforcement agency of the United States government. The motto
of the bureau is "Fidelity, Bravery, Integrity".
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Federal Trade
Commission
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is an
independent agency of the United States government, established in 1914 by the
Federal Trade Commission Act. Its principal mission is the promotion of
"consumer protection" and the elimination and prevention of what regulators
perceive to be "anti-competitive" business practices. The Federal Trade
Commission Act was one of President Wilson's major acts against trusts. Trusts
and trust-busting were significant political concerns during the Progressive
Era. Since its inception, the FTC has enforced the provisions of the Clayton
Act, a key antitrust statute, as well as the provisions of the FTC Act, 15
U.S.C. § 41 et seq. Over time, the FTC has been delegated the enforcement of
additional business regulation statutes and has promulgated a number of
regulations (codified in Title 16 of the Code of Federal Regulations).
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FindLaw
FindLaw.com is a free legal information
web portal owned by Thomson Reuters. It was created by Stacy Stern, Martin
Roscheisen and Tim Stanley in 1995, and after becoming the the
highest-trafficked law and government site on the Internet, was acquired by
Thomson West in 2001. The site is designed to help consumers, small-business
owners, students and legal professionals find answers to everyday legal
questions, and to find legal counsel when necessary. The site includes case law,
state and federal statutes, the West Legal Directory, legal news and analysis.
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Freeadvice
Freeadvice is a free US legal information
web service which was established in 1997. It has won extensive awards,
including having been named by Forbes as a "Best of the Web", by PC World as one
of the Best 125 Free Sites on the entire Web, as one of the 100 featured sites
in PC Magazine’s Best 1000 websites, as the legal site of the year by Access
Magazine, and to have repeatedly received accolades and top recognition in the
New York Times, Wall Street Journal and Washington Post’s reviews of legal
websites. Freeadvice.com was voted the most “extremely useful” consumer legal
website in the 1998 USA Today – Intelliquest Poll.
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Internal Revenue Service
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the
United States federal government agency that collects taxes and enforces the
internal revenue laws. The Internal Revenue Service is a bureau of the
Department of the Treasury under the immediate direction of the Commissioner of
Internal Revenue. The Commissioner has general superintendence of the assessment
and collection of all taxes imposed by any law providing internal revenue. The
Internal Revenue Service is the agency by which these functions are performed.
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LegalZoom
LegalZoom is an online legal documentation
service that was founded by Robert L. Shapiro, Brian P. Y. Liu, Brian S. Lee,
and Edward R. Hartman. In addition to providing online document assembly of
legal documents, LegalZoom provides timely articles on the legal aspect of
current and important events. LegalZoom's disclaimer[1] says that the providing
of these documents and their other activities do not constitute legal advice.
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LexisNexis
LexisNexis (sometimes simply called
"Lexis" or "Nexis" among users) is a popular searchable archive of content from
newspapers, magazines, legal documents and other printed sources. LexisNexis
claims to be the "world’s largest collection of public records, unpublished
opinions, forms, legal, news, and business information" while offering their
products to a wide range of professionals in the legal, risk management,
corporate, government, law enforcement, accounting and academic markets. Typical
customers of LexisNexis include lawyers, law students, journalists, and
academics. "It's how you know" was the primary slogan for LexisNexis for over a
decade. They have moved to a slogan of "Total Solutions".
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Nolo.com
Nolo, formerly known as Nolo Press, is a
publisher in Berkeley, California that produces do it yourself legal books and
software that reduce the need for people to hire lawyers for simple legal
matters such as making wills or writing business partnership contracts. It was
founded in an attic in 1971 by Ralph Warner (who received his bachelor's degree
from Princeton University in 1963 and his degree in law from the Boalt School of
Law at the University of California, Berkeley) and family law attorney Ed
Sherman. The company published Sherman's first book, How to Do Your Own Divorce
in California after they discovered that other publishers wouldn't (fearing
prosecution for practicing law without a law licence). As of 2006 Warner remains
with the company, having stepped down as its President in 2004. Sherman later
founded his own legal publishing business (Nolo Press Occidental), a separate
company from Nolo.com.
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Pre-paid
legal services
Pre-paid legal services refers to
individual or group employee benefit legal plans in which members pay a monthly
fee in exchange for access to a range of legal services on-call. Pre-paid legal
plans typically offer certain services for a fixed monthly charge such as legal
advice and consultation, review of contracts, having a lawyer write a letter on
a client's behalf or the drafting of wills and other legal documents. Legal
service plans may also cover legal representation in court and the filing of
motions but most plans require a client to pay extra for such services or cover
a limited number of hours in court time.
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United States
Citizenship and Immigration Services
United States Citizenship and Immigration
Services (USCIS) is a bureau in the United States Department of Homeland
Security (DHS). It performs many of the functions formerly carried out by the
United States Immigration and Naturalization Service, which was part of the
Department of Justice. The stated priorities of the USCIS are to promote
national security, to eliminate immigration case backlogs, and to improve
customer services. The Bureau is headed by a director who reports directly to
the Deputy Secretary for Homeland Security. USCIS was formerly and briefly named
the U.S. Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (BCIS), before becoming
USCIS.
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United States
Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice
(DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to
enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the
law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans
(see 28 U.S.C. § 501). The DOJ is administered by the United States Attorney
General (see 28 U.S.C. § 503), one of the original members of the cabinet.
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United States
Patent and Trademark Office
The United States Patent and Trademark
Office (PTO or USPTO) is an agency in the United States Department of Commerce
that issues patents to inventors and businesses for their inventions, and
trademark registration for product and intellectual property identification. The
USPTO is currently based in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2006 move from the
Crystal City area of Arlington, Virginia. A few offices remain in the Potomac
Gateway complex at the southern end of Crystal City; these offices will move to
Randolph Sqaure, a brand new building in Shirlington Village, in 2009. Since
1991, the office has been fully funded by fees charged for processing patents
and trademarks. The current head of the USPTO is Under Secretary of Commerce for
Intellectual Property Jon W. Dudas, who was nominated to the position by
President George W. Bush in March 2004 and was then appointed on July 30, 2004.
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U.S. Securities
and Exchange Commission
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(commonly known as the SEC) is a United States government agency having primary
responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the
securities industry/stock market. The SEC was created by section 4 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (now codified as 15 U.S.C. § 78d and commonly
referred to as the 1934 Act). In addition to the 1934 Act that created it, the
SEC enforces the Securities Act of 1933, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the
Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other statutes.
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Westlaw
Westlaw is one of the primary online legal
research services for lawyers and legal professionals in the United States. In
addition, it provides proprietary database services. Westlaw gives subscribers
unique search technologies and tools that help them find, understand and apply
the law and legal concepts in the service of their clients. Information
resources on Westlaw include more than 23,000 databases of case law, state and
federal statutes, administrative codes, newspaper and magazine articles, public
records, law journals, law reviews, treatises, legal forms and other information
resources. Most customers are attorneys or law students but other individuals
can also obtain accounts. A credit card site allows anyone with a credit card to
retrieve primary law documents by citation.
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World
Intellectual Property Organization
The World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) is one of the 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations.
WIPO was created in 1967 with the stated purpose "to encourage creative
activity, [and] to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout
the world". WIPO currently has 184 member states, administers 23 international
treaties, and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The current
Director-General of WIPO is Kamil Idris. Almost all UN Members as well as
Vatican City are Members of WIPO (non-members are the states of Kiribati,
Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Nauru, Palau, Solomon Islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu
and Vanuatu, as well as the entities of Palestinian Authority, Sahrawi Republic,
and Taiwan).
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This is World News
Newspapers, Magazines, Radio, Television,
Weblogs & World Wide Web Pages.
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